The War On Terrorism And Terrorism - 1614 Words

Its more than 15 years yet America is not, nor is the world the same as prior to September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks. Suspicions and distrust of â€Å"other†, fear of the unknown, and unease about the role and status of the United States of America permeates the air. Islamophobic attacks increase by 1,700% in 2001. Prior to 9/11, the FBI recorded just 28 hate crimes against Muslims. The following year it increased to 481. For visible Muslims, the threat of violence and abuse is even higher (especially for women). Another fact 9/11 or 7/7 were often labeled as conspiracy theories, but more in-depth investigations and analysis can bring out the truth behind each of these geopolitical events. The point is that Islam has been consistently portrayed by global media as a violent-prone religion that is diametrically opposed to the West. Since then so-called â€Å"War on Terrorism, â€Å"against a vague and undefined enemy, rages on in from Iraq to Syria. Since September 11, 2001, the United States has initiated a number of wars in Muslim countries. These wars, which would be more correctly called massacres, have resulted in the deaths of countless innocent Muslims. Despite there are many ways to see that Muslims were not responsible for 9/11. It’s a fact that the terrorist attacks of September 11th, 2001 brought Islam into the national and international spotlight with a new intensity. But despite all conspiracy theories and blame games, one has to look into who actually seems to haveShow MoreRelatedWar On Terrorism And Terrorism875 Words   |  4 PagesWar on Terrorism The most current and imminent threat to the future of the United States is foreign terrorism, which occurs primarily outside the US territory, due to the increasing development in weapons of mass destruction. Although, the US in the last two decades has seen an increase of terrible acts of terrorism here in own country. These foreign and domestic entities utilize intimidation and violence for their political gain or religious beliefs, by instilling fear in innocent lives. TerroristsRead MoreThe War On Terrorism And Terrorism1231 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction: Thesis: Since the attack that started September 11, 2001, the War on Terrorism has added a sense of fear into American’s daily lives. 11 September 2001; this date will have the same mentality as 7 December 1941 for as long as history is studied. Thousands of Americans woke up that day as if it was just another Tuesday. Americans boarded flights, drove to work, and went with their lives when chaos struck. Flight 11, the airplane that hit the North Tower and Flight 175 crashed intoRead MoreGlobal War On Terrorism And Terrorism1367 Words   |  6 PagesGlobal War On Terrorism   Ã‚  Ã‚   The attack executed in the United States on September 11, 2001 was one of the worst attacks and acts of war ever seen in U.S. history. On that day 2,996 innocent people were killed, over 6,000 people were injured, and about $10 billion in structural and infrastructure damages was caused. The cost added up to $3 trillion in total.   Ã‚  Ã‚   The Global War on Terrorism is a metaphor of war referring to the global military campaign led by the United States of America. The war isRead Morewar and terrorism833 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿P3: Outline the terrorism methods used by key terrorist organisations Terrorism is an act that threatens or carries out violence with the intention to disrupt, kill or coerce against a body or nation in order to impose will. This means that a lot of groups use this method to get what they want. The groups use a variety of methods, groups such as: Al Qaeda, who mainly use suicide bombing methods, this is good, because it means there are lots of deaths. This leads to scare and forcing the GovernmentRead MoreWar on Terrorism769 Words   |  4 PagesThe War On Terrorism Every morning, millions of people around the world begin their day by reading the newspaper. News topics are constantly discussed in everyday life and remain the dominant topic of conversation between friends, family, and even strangers. It is our responsibility as a modern society to recognize all events that impact our lives and make others aware of them, and newspapers as well as the general media allow us this opportunity. The New York Times, a worldwide newspaper, offersRead MoreEssay The War on Terrorism1599 Words   |  7 Pages The war on terrorisms nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The war on terrorisms has had many lost souls, this war has been the most expensive war is history and not a lot of countries are in favor of it. Because of the terror attacks on September 11, the president of the United States George W Bush and his government has spent hundreds of billions of dollars trying to protect their county and finding terrorist on other countries. (Picture 1) Terrorism is the affected, use of violence to bring forthRead MoreWar On Terror And Terrorism1300 Words   |  6 PagesWar on Terror After the incident of September 11, 2001, War on Terror became a serious problem. That attack made huge effects on U.S government and many other countries. Many innocent people lost their lives because of those terrorists. No one knows if an incident like the one on September 11 will happen again, but we have to know that â€Å"we are the primary target†. According to Patrick Coaty’s â€Å"War on Terror,† the terrorism has been developed throughout history. So that people should know to fightRead MoreThe Construction Of The War On Terrorism1103 Words   |  5 Pagessociety is characterized as â€Å"terrorism.† In the context of international relations, terrorism is one of the most challenged definitions. The term â€Å"terrorism† is politically and emotionally charged, which has made it difficult for the international community to develop a universally agreed upon definition. In a general sense, terrorism can be expressed as the use or threatened use of force against civilians to provoke political or social change. Shared elements of terrorism also include that it is politicalRead MoreAmerica And The War On Terrorism1621 Words   |  7 PagesAmerica and the War on Terrorism The â€Å"War on Terror† began from the attacks on the World Trade Center in New York City, New York, the Pentagon in Washington D.C., and in Pennsylvania on September 11, 2001 (9/11). The current president at the time was newly elected President George W. Bush in which he gave a speech announcing the infamous â€Å"War on Terror†. This an on-going war and its effects are being felt today. Before knowing what the Global War on Terror looks like, it is necessary to defineRead MoreThe War On Terror : Terrorism2256 Words   |  10 PagesCharles Reece Johnson Irons Discourse 200 November 5, 2014 The War on Terror Introduction The war on terror is not easy to define partly due to its vagueness and unsparing use of rhetorical device to justify any action of military perpetrated after the 9/11. However, the The war on terror, in its original intent, is a series of initiatives that seek to reduce or eliminate terrorism in the world. In this perspective, terrorism is the deliberate exploitation and creation of fear through threat and

The Battle of Atlanta in the American Civil War

The Battle of Atlanta was fought July 22, 1864, during the  American Civil War  (1861-1865) and saw Union forces under Major General William T. Sherman win a near-run victory. The second in a series of battles around the city, the fighting centered on a Confederate attempt to defeat Major General James B. McPhersons Army of the Tennessee east of Atlanta. While the attack did achieve some success, including killing McPherson, it was ultimately repulsed by Union forces. Following the battle, Sherman shifted his efforts to the western side of the city. Strategic Background Late July 1864 found Major General William T. Shermans forces approaching Atlanta. Nearing the city, he pushed  Major General George H. Thomas Army of the Cumberland toward Atlanta from the north, while  Major General John Schofields Army of the Ohio neared from the northeast. His final command, Major General James B. McPhersons Army of the Tennessee, moved towards the city from Decatur in the east. Opposing the Union forces was the Confederate Army of Tennessee which was badly outnumbered and undergoing a change in command. Major General William T. Sherman. Photograph Courtesy of the National Archives Records Administration Throughout the campaign, General Joseph E. Johnston had pursued a defensive approach as his sought to slow Sherman with his smaller army. Though he had been repeatedly flanked out of several positions by Shermans armies, he had also forced his counterpart of fight bloody battles at Resaca and Kennesaw Mountain. Increasingly frustrated by Johnstons passive approach, President Jefferson Davis relieved him on July 17 and gave command of the army to Lieutenant General John Bell Hood. An offensive-minded commander, Hood had served in General Robert E. Lees Army of Northern Virginia and had seen action in many of its campaigns including the fighting at Antietam and Gettysburg. At the time of the change in command, Johnston had been planning an attack against Thomas Army of the Cumberland. Due to the imminent nature of the strike, Hood and several other Confederate generals requested that the command change be delayed until after the battle but they were denied by Davis. Lieutenant General John B. Hood. Photograph Courtesy of the National Archives Records Administration Assuming command, Hood elected to move forward with the operation and he struck at Thomas men at the  Battle of Peachtree Creek  on July 20. In heavy fighting, the Union troops mounted a determined defense and turned back Hoods assaults. Though unhappy with the result, it did not deter Hood from remaining on the offensive. Fast Facts: Battle of Atlanta Conflict: Civil War (1861-1865)Dates: July 22, 1863Armies Commanders:United StatesMajor General William T. ShermanMajor General James B. McPhersonapprox. 35,000 menConfederacyGeneral John Bell Hoodapprox. 40,000 menCasualties:United States: 3,641Confederacy: 5,500 A New Plan Receiving reports that McPhersons left flank was exposed, Hood commenced planning an ambitious strike against the Army of the Tennessee. Pulling two of his corps back into Atlantas inner defenses, he ordered Lieutenant General William Hardees corps and  Major General Joseph Wheelers cavalry to move out on the evening of July 21. Hoods attack plan called for the Confederate troops to swing around the Union flank to reach Decatur on July 22. Once in the Union rear, Hardee was to advance west and take McPherson from the rear while Wheeler attacked the Army of the Tennessees wagon trains. This would be supported by a frontal assault on McPhersons army by  Major General Benjamin Cheathams corps. As the Confederate troops began their march, McPhersons men had entrenched along a north-south line east of the city. Union Plans On the morning of July 22, Sherman initially received reports that the Confederates had abandoned the city as Hardees men had been seen on the march. These quickly proved to be false and he resolved to begin cutting the rail links into Atlanta. To accomplish this, he sent orders to McPherson instructing him to send Major General Grenville Dodges XVI Corps back to Decatur to tear up the Georgia Railroad. Having received reports of Confederate activity to the south, McPherson was reluctant to obey these orders and questioned Sherman. Though he believed his subordinate was being overly cautious, Sherman agreed to postpone the mission until 1:00 p.m. Major General James B. McPherson. Photograph Courtesy of the Library of Congress McPherson Killed Around noon, with no enemy attack having materialized, Sherman directed McPherson to send Brigadier General John Fullers division to Decatur while Brigadier General Thomas Sweenys division would be allowed to remain in position on the flank. McPherson drafted the necessary orders for Dodge, but before they were received the sound of firing was heard to the southeast. To the southeast, Hardees men were badly behind schedule due to a late start, poor road conditions, and a lack of guidance from Wheelers cavalrymen. Due to this, Hardee turned north too soon and his lead divisions, under Major Generals William Walker and William Bate, encountered Dodges two divisions which were deployed on an east-west line to cover the Union flank. While Bates advance on the right was hampered by swampy terrain, Walker was killed by a Union sharpshooter as he formed his men. As a result, the Confederate assault in this area lacked cohesion and was turned back by Dodges men. On the Confederate left, Major General Patrick Cleburnes division quickly found a large gap between Dodges right and the left of Major General Francis P. Blairs XVII Corps. Riding south to the sound of the guns, McPherson also entered this gap and encountered the advancing Confederates. Ordered to halt, he was shot and killed while trying to escape (Map). Major General Patrick Cleburne. Photograph Courtesy of the Library of Congress The Union Holds Driving on, Cleburne was able to attack the flank and rear of XVII Corps. These efforts were supported by Brigadier General George Maneys division (Cheathams Division) which assaulted the Union front. These Confederate attacks were not coordinated which allowed the Union troops to repel them in turn by rushing from one side of their entrenchments to the other. After two hours of fighting, Maney and Cleburne finally attacked in conjunction forcing Union forces to fall back. Swinging his left back in an L-shape, Blair centered his defense on Bald Hill which dominated the battlefield. In an effort to aid Confederate efforts against XVI Corps, Hood ordered Cheatham to attack Major General John Logans XV Corps to the north. Sitting astride the Georgia Railroad, XV Corps front was briefly penetrated through an undefended railroad cut. Personally leading the counterattack, Logan soon restored his lines with the aid of artillery fire directed by Sherman. For the remainder of the day, Hardee continued to assault the bald hill with little success. The position soon became known as Leggetts Hill for Brigadier General Mortimer Leggett whose troops held it. Fighting died off after dark though both armies remained in place. To the east, Wheeler succeeded in occupying Decatur but was prevented from getting at McPhersons wagon trains by a skillful delaying action conducted by Colonel John W. Sprague and his brigade. For his actions in saving the wagon trains of the XV, XVI, XVII, and XX Corps, Sprague received the Medal of Honor. With the failure of Hardees assault, Wheelers position in Decatur became untenable and he withdrew to Atlanta that night.   Aftermath The Battle of Atlanta cost Union forces 3,641 casualties while Confederate losses totaled around 5,500. For the second time in two days, Hood had failed to destroy a wing of Shermans command. Though a problem earlier in the campaign, McPhersons cautious nature proved fortuitous as Shermans initial orders would have left the Union flank completely exposed. In the wake of the fighting, Sherman gave command of the Army of the Tennessee to Major General Oliver O. Howard. This greatly angered XX Corps commander Major General Joseph Hooker who felt entitled to the post and blamed Howard for his defeat at the Battle of Chancellorsville. On July 27, Sherman resumed operations against the city by shifting to the west side to cut the Macon Western Railroad. Several additional battles occurred outside of the city before Atlantas fall on September 2.

Life Of A Manor A Diverse Depending On Social Status...

Life on a manor was very diverse depending on your social status during the medieval period in Europe. This essay will discuss the life of people during the Middle Ages in Europe. It will first give background on how feudalism began and explain the feudal classes on a manor. Next the paper will inform about the manor system and relationships between lords and serfs. It will then expand on the actual lives of individuals who lived on a manor. After that it will explain the differences in the lives of noblemen and women. Following the lives of men and women, it will touch on the life of the royal family on a manor. Lastly it will show the connections between medieval life and modern life. When feudalism began in Europe it disrupted any sort of central government systems. During the ninth and tenth centuries, the Frankish rule was widespread throughout most of Eastern Europe. As groups such as the Vikings, Magyars, and Muslims invaded, the Frankish rule started falling apart. To find structure wealthy people sectioned themselves off by creating manors from their own land and broke away from any kind a central authority. After these events, any type of public government in Europe vanished and this led to a rise of feudalism. Feudalism is based mostly on the relationship between a lord and a vassal, in other terms someone in lower social ranking than a lord, typically a noble or knight. The lord would grant a fief, or section of land, to a vassal and in exchange theShow MoreRelatedInstitution as the Fundamental Cause of Long Tern Growth39832 Words   |  160 Pagesacross countries. Economic institutions determine the incentives of and the constraints on economic actors, and shape economic outcomes. As such, they are social decisions, chosen for their consequences. Because different groups and individuals typically benefit from different economic institutions, there is generally a conflict over these social choices, ultimately resolved in favor of group s with greater political power. The distribution of political power in society is in turn determined by politicalRead MoreMarketing Management130471 Words   |  522 Pagesintroduction Unit structure: 1. Introduction 2. Learning Objectives 3. Marketing Management 3.1. Evolution of marketing management 3.2. The Role of Marketing 3.3. Marketing concepts 3.4. The Marketing Mix (The 4 P s Of Marketing) 3.5. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Ethics in Marketing 4. Have you understood type questions 5. Summary 6. Exercises 7. References 1. INTRODUCTION: The apex body in United States of America for the Marketing functions, American Marketing Association (AMA) defines

The Trans Pacific Partnership ( Tpp ) - 1349 Words

Introduction Passed in October 2015, the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) is the largest free trade agreement (FTA) to date, comprising nearly 40% of the world’s economy. Countries including the United States, Japan, Canada, Australia, South Korea and Mexico, among others share a common economic characteristic of a gross domestic production exceeding 1 trillion dollars annually. Other developing pacific countries included within the TPP include Malaysia, Mexico, Peru, Vietnam, Singapore, Chile, Brunei, and New Zealand. After a decade of negotiation, this economic policy is exceptionally influential in developing countries among the global economy. International relations aim to lower trade barriers for partners of the TPP, making it easier and more profitable for imports and exports to exchange between countries. Lower trade barriers, mainly reduced taxes and tariffs, are expected to promote economic growth, support the creation and retention of jobs, enhance innovation, productivity and co mpetitiveness, raise living standards, reduce poverty, and enhance labor and environmental protections (Vincent 2014). This review thoroughly examines current environmental policy, and outlays implications for policy-specific regulations included within the TPP to enhance the environmental conservation of habitat for marine mammals. A well-known premise is that past behavior is the best indicator of future behavior. Thus, by examining the environmental policy of past trade agreements, andShow MoreRelatedThe Trans Pacific Partnership ( Tpp )758 Words   |  4 PagesOctober, 2015 Position Paper The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) is a proposed trade agreement between twelve Pacific Rim countries concerning a variety of matters of economic policy, about which agreement was reached on 5 October 2015. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-Pacific_Partnership) In 22 September 2008, United State of America joined the agreement. Since then, new countries such as Australia, Canada, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Peru and Vietnam also joined the TPP, bringing the total number ofRead MoreThe Trans Pacific Partnership ( Tpp )1473 Words   |  6 PagesThe Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) is a proposed trade agreement between several countries who border the Pacific Ocean, parties to the agreement include: Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Peru, Singapore, the United States and Vietnam. While the main objective of the TPP is to lower barriers to trade, namely by slashing existing tariffs on commonly traded goods, the TPP also addresses environmental conce rns, labor rights, and intellectual property protectionRead MoreThe Trans Pacific Partnership ( Tpp )844 Words   |  4 PagesThe Trans Pacific Partnership (TPP) is a controversial agreement between 12 of the world s most powerful countries. This partnership is set to change history not just for America but for the world. The partnership has it eyes set on a cornucopia of issues from: Intellectual Property rights, and tariffs, to collective bargaining rights, and access to affordable medicines. All of these certainly great issues that America and the world face. The Trans Pacific Partnership is a partnership that doesRead MoreThe Trans Pacific Partnership ( Tpp ) Essay1639 Words   |  7 PagesThe Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) is an economic free trade agreement currently being negotiated between New Zealand and 11 other Pacific Rim nations (Wyber Perry, 2013). It seeks to reduce trade restrictions including tariffs, create shared guidelines for intellectual property rights, sa nction codes for environmental and labour regulations, and create an investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) system (Fergusson, McMinimy Williams, 2015). The implications of the TPP are immense, encompassingRead MoreThe Trans Pacific Partnership ( Tpp )1178 Words   |  5 PagesThe Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) is a 12-nation Asian-Pacific trade agreement that seeks to increase economic integration among participating nations by lowering barriers to trade, improving trade facilitation and enhancing standards harmonization. Upon completion, the TPP trade area would comprise a region with $28 trillion in economic output, making up around 39 percent of the world’s total output. If the TPP is successfully implemented, tariffs will be removed on almost $2 trillion in goodsRead MoreTrans Pacific Partnership ( Tpp )1499 Words   |  6 Pagesyears of negotiation, the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) was finally signed on February 4, 2016. As a large range of goods and services w ill be affected, countries have to consider both pros and cons of the agreement. For Vietnam, despite possible detriments due to IP protection, externalities, the partnership is generally beneficial as it significantly boosts Vietnam’s major export industries and increases the countries’ GDP in a short amount of time. Trans-Pacific Partnership is considered one ofRead MoreThe Trans Pacific Partnership ( Tpp )1590 Words   |  7 Pages2) What are main themes or sectors that are negotiated in the Trans-Pacific Partnership, that are more prone to be subject to industrial groups’ vested interests, and what are ones more prone to be affected by political positioning? Create a table, and justify your distribution of â€Å"affected† themes or sectors, or aspects by reviewing various readings. The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) is an extensive, proposed trade agreement that â€Å"would strengthen ties between Asia and the Americas, create aRead MoreThe Trans Pacific Partnership ( Tpp )896 Words   |  4 Pagesoccurs across state and international lines making the world’s citizens better off. Free trade is crucial to this improvement in well-being. Unfortunately, all current presidential candidates are against free trade. In particular, the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP,) a massive multilateral Free Trade Agreement (FTA,) is facing strong opposition. Economists frequently cite the benefits of trade and the importance of free trade between nations. In this fashion, many FTAs have been made in recent historyRead MoreThe Trans Pacific Partnership ( Tpp )1401 Words   |  6 Pagesand the society of the pledged countries. Until recently, the U.S. initiated, the Trans-Pacific partnership (TPP), a global trade agreement that will impose stricter provisions on the labor issues such as workplace safety, labor issue, and labor dispute to the pledged countries. Brunei, Malaysia, Vietnam, and Singapore are 4 of the 11 Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries who pledged in this TPP agreement and thus will be benefited from the elimination of taxes and tariffs onRead MoreThe Problematic Partnership Of The Trans Pacific Partnership ( Tpp )2425 Words   |  10 PagesThe Problematic Partnership Brewing since 2006, a revolutionary free trade agreement has been held under discussion by twelve of the Pacific Rim countries, including the United States, Chile, and Australia (Friel, Sharon, Gleeson, Thow, Labonte, Stuckler, Kay, and Snowdon 1). This agreement is known as the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), and while it shows potential to be a decisive economic deal, there exist outstanding issues. Of these issues are unjust intellectual rights laws, hindrance of the

Mental Illness Free Essays

The social construction of mental illness Key Words * Career: The gradual change in people as a response to a label e. g. mental patient. We will write a custom essay sample on Mental Illness or any similar topic only for you Order Now * Learned Helplessness: learning how to be dependent. * Life-course model: suggests that the accumulation of social events experienced over a whole lifetime, not just individual important events, influence people and their mental state. * Presenting culture: a term used by Goffman to refer to how people like to portray themselves to others. * Schizophrenia: a form of mental illness where people are unable to distinguish their own feelings and perceptions from reality. Self-Fulfilling prophecy: predictions about the behaviour of social groups that come true as a result of positive or negative labelling. * Social Capital: refers to a network of social contacts. * Social constructionism: the approach which suggests that mental illness exists because people believe that it does. * Social realism: a sociological approach which suggests that mental illness does really exist. Summary Mental illness is the less fortunate twin to physical illness. The NHS is not funding enough support for me ntal health patients and the attention paid to it is minimal. Mental health is a major problem in society with one in seven people claiming to have had mental health problems at some point in their lives. Social Trends 2007 (Self and Zealey 2007) said that about one in six British people aged 16 to 74 reported experiencing a neurotic disorder in the seven days before a national survey on mental health. When looking at which group is most likely to suffer from high rates of mental illness, the poorest and most excluded are majorly overrepresented. Defining mental illness Social Realism: A general term used to describe the approaches of sociologists who accept that there are distinctive sets of abnormal behaviour that cause distress to individuals and those around them. * Pilgrim and Rogers (1999) accept that, at different times and in different cultures, there are variations in what is considered as mental illness. * Although mental illness may have different names and sometimes not be recognized, it does actually exist as a real condition. * Si milar to the bio-medical approach which believes that symptoms can be scientifically diagnosed and categorized. They see treatment as allopathic (cure orientated through the use of drugs, shock treatment and surgery etc. * They recommend that sufferers be isolated from wider society. Social constructionism: * Have been very influential in sociological approaches to mental illness and start from the argument that what is considered as normal varies over time and from society to society. * Greater extremes of behaviour have been seen as normal in some societies and symptoms of madness in others. Labelling perspective: Labelling theory examines how the labelling of mental illness occurs in the first place and what effects it has on those who are labelled. * Thomas Szasz (1973) argues that the label ‘mental illness’ is simply a convenient way to deal with behaviour that people find disruptive. He is particularly critical of psychiatrists for diagnosing children with ADHD and calling it a disease. He says that giving a child a drug for a mythical disease is a form of physical child abu se because the child has no say in the matter. Labelling theory therefore rests firmly upon a social constructionist definition of mental illness. The effects of labelling * Scheff (1966) said that whether someone becomes labelled or not is determined by the benefits those others might gain by labelling the person ‘mentally ill’. So, those who become a nuisance are far more likely to become diagnosed as mentally ill as someone who causes no problems. * Once labelled, there are a number of negative consequences for the person because it is then assumed that all their behaviour is evidence of their mental state. Erving Goffman (1961) followed the careers of people who were genuinely defined as being mentally ill. He suggested that once in an institution people are stripped of their presenting culture. Criticisms of the labelling perspective * Gove (1982) suggests that the vast majority of people who receive treatment for mental illness actually have serious problems befor e they are treated so the argument that the labels cause the problems is wrong. It may explain the responses of others to the mentally ill, but cannot explain the causes of the illness. Foucault’s perspective on mental illness: * He explains the growth in the concept of mental illness by placing it in the context if the changing ways of thinking and acting which developed in the early 18th century. * During the enlightenment more traditional ways of thinking were gradually replaced by more rational and disciplined ways of thinking. He argues that as rationality developed into the normal way of thinking, irrationality became to be perceived as deviant. * Having mad people in asylums isolated mad people away from the majority of the population. They symbolized the fact that madness or irrationality was marked out as behaviour that is no longer acceptable. Structuralist perspectives on mental illness: * Virde (1977) explained the fact that some ethnic minorities are more likely to develop mental health problems by arguing that the sorts of pressures and stresses that can cause people to develop mental illness are more often experienced by people in an ethnic minority. * Nazroo is critical of this approach. He points out that people of the Bangladeshi origin who are victims of racism have lower levels of mental illness than the general population. He concludes that mental illness cannot just be caused by racism and deprivation. * Brown et al (1995) explained that women are more likely to lead stressful lives because they have the dial burden and triple shift. * Labelling theorists (Chelser 1972), say that women are more likely to be seen as mentally ill because the defining of illness is mainly done by males. * Link and Phelan (1995) reviewed all the evidence and concluded that research pointed out a relationship between low levels of deprivation and mental illness. Social capital (Putnam 2000) argued that people who have extensive and strong levels of social networks are more likely to be ‘happier’ than those who don’t. Check Your Understanding: 1) The two sociological approaches to explaining mental illness are social realist and social constructionist. 2) Social realist bases itself on the idea that there are distinctive sets of abnormal behaviour that should be treated; they are very similar to the bio-medical approach. Social constructionist believes that definitions of mental illness can vary over time and in different cultures. 3) Labelling helps us understand that some people may live up to the label they have been given and can strip mental health patients of any self-dignity as they have no say in what happens to them as they have been given the label of someone who is mad. 4) A structural explanation is closely tied to the social realist definition of mental illness; they accept the reality of mental illness and set out to discover what social factors help cause them. ) Busfield says that it is true that some groups are more likely to find their behaviour defined as mental illness, compared to the behaviour of other groups however al of those groups experience higher levels of stress so mental illness would be higher. 6) They are more likely to show cultural characterises that are not seen as normal in a wider society. 7) They use the idea that women have more responsibilities than men and th at the defining of mental illness tends to be dominated by male health professionals. How to cite Mental Illness, Papers Mental Illness Free Essays Johnson KayLa English 100 M W 9:30-11:00 Mental Illness Essay November 19, 2012 November 26, 2012 Sane or Insane: Who’s to know? Everyone once in their life has either thought as themselves or another as crazy. In today’s day and age people find it fun to be called crazy, that was not the case in the past. People in our past who were demined â€Å"Insane† were sent away, hidden from society’s eyes and subjected to cruelty and unnecessary torture. We will write a custom essay sample on Mental Illness or any similar topic only for you Order Now America’s health system has changed dramatically for the good and also it recent cases for the bad for some people. Today healthcare is easy to come by but with so many faults it’s hard to know which ones are good and will do better by the person and their family’s health needs. There are many types of health care, that all offer different things. Have different coverage’s and pay for different things. Asking several different people what they think is wrong with America’s health care system Coming to a list of conclusions of our health system. When asked â€Å"How do you feel about the health care plan you have? † people generally answered its okay, better than none. A generally flat answers right? Well when asked â€Å"What do you think your plan can improve on? † they began to list things like pay for more test pay for more medication that’s needed and the most common answer was to allow them to pick their own doctors and not having to wait months for one appointment. As an eighteen year old college student there was no clue about healthcare and its faults and didn’t know it was so hard to get good healthcare. Also finding out that it may be hard now but it was not as nearly as hard as it was before in America. Treating public illness has long been a process of trial and error guided by public attitudes and medical theory (Kimberly Leupo). This quote makes so much sense because as a society were so concerned about what people will think we just want to get rid of the problem, even if it’s your son with autism or a daughter with down syndrome etc. There has always been those who’s suffered from mental illness, as far back as the Egyptian or even the second millennium before Christ. They were often killed or locked away and that had little change in our history. In early America the colonist refereed to those with mental illness ass â€Å"lunatics† all because they believed a person was crazy when they were born on the night of a full moon or sleeping under the light of a full moon, who’s crazy here? They declared these people possessed by the devil (no exaggerating on their behalf), and were removed and locked away from society. These lunatics were put under 1 of 2 labels which were: Mania and Melancholy. Mania was mental illness marked by periods of great excitement, euphoria, delusions and overactivity. Melancholy was a feeling of pensive sadness, typically with no obvious cause. They believed to cure an individual they had to catalyze crisis or expel crisis from the indiviual. For this they had several procedures including: 1. Submerging patients in ice baths until they lost consciousness 2. Executing a massive shock to the brain 3. Induced and forced vomiting 4. The notorious â€Å"bleeding† practice, The bleeding practice entailed draining the bad blood from the individual, unfortunately this inhumane practice normally resulted in death or the need for lifelong care; at best the odds were one in three that this procedure would actually lead to an improvement in the patient’s health(Kimberly Leupo). The colonial era’s methods of handling the mentally ill and medical procedures are considered arguably barbaric vs. todays means of the treatment of the mentally ill. In that time it worked fine because they were hidden from society’s harsh and judgmental eyes. Around the 19th century the Europeans showed us a new to treat the mentally ill called â€Å"Moral Management. † This was based on that the environment played a vital role in treatment of the mental ill. In this process you had to create a more domestic feel to the patients living conditions, thus, replacing shackles, chains and cement cells with the little things like pictures and a bed. Recover was more likely to occur if they felt more like they were at home. Treatment also went under construction Phrenology was introduced, studying the shape of the brain to explain illnesses and render diagnosis. Also since the patients were no longer restrained all day they became unruly and basically bored so they had to come up activates for them to do to occupy their time. A very important point in the history of how we treat our mentally ill was the civil war. After the Civil War in America a great number of servicemen suffered from postwar trauma; war wounds that were emotionally and mentally ingrained as opposed to physical injuries. These inflicted persons were passed on to state mental hospitals and asylums, where the public displayed much interest in their care and treatment. Although, the public eye watched very closely how their ‘war boys’ were treated, institutions had no choice but to reinstate old procedures due to the serious issue of overcrowding. Restraints and shock therapy were reintroduced, along with new drug treatments such as opium. With that came the need to find more room for mental ill, thus, Asylums began to open up across the country to give those people help. Thomas Story Kirkbride was the designer of asylums at the time, and became well- known for his popular architectural ideas. He took great care and thought in constructing asylums taking in consideration of the patients and workers who would be in the asylums. For example in 1874 â€Å"Athens Asylum for the Insane. † Was open for the public. It was the most attractive asylum in its day built to please the public’s eye but also to withstand the harshest conditions from within. The original 544- room construction had two staggered wings branching out from a central building. The building had an exit and entrance only from the center building and the design was ideal for cross- ventilation and patient control. The design called for the least disturbed patients to be placed closer to the center building to encourage interaction with the staff, and as the patients’ conditions worsened their placement would extend respectively throughout each wing toward the back of the structure. The establishment community housing farms, a dairy barn, greenhouses, a transportation system, graveyards, etc. the patients had much to do while being treated. With the increasing great news of the asylums their population grew in shocking numbers. However some people took advantage of this. It was common for homeless people, tramps and hobos to become ‘patients’ of the asylums seasonally for shelter and food, and then â€Å"elope,† or slip away when the good weather returned. Families would leave the elderly people at these places because of lack of time or resources to â€Å"deal† with them properly. The community found that these institutions were an easy means to remove unwanted people from society. As a result of asylums not having a mean of rejecting patients the people who were truly mentally ill and needed treatment suffered as a result. The now revised and human care of mental patient began to slip back to their old ways because of overcrowding. Now instead of single bedrooms to one’s self patients had to sleep in wooden crib like beds three stacked. Water baths and shock therapy had made an unjust comeback, and now the in the early 1930s the notorious lobotomy was introduced into American medical culture. The original lobotomy is a medical procedure where the neural passages from the front of the brain are surgically separated from those in the back of the brain, the most common result of this procedure was the patient would their depressing or discouraging feelings or tendencies. This was a very delicate and time consuming process it required great skill and training from great surgeons. In result of the great outcome of this great time was invested into this. Walter J. Freeman developed the trans- orbital lobotomy. The procedure was performed as follows: -To induce sedation, inflict two quick shocks to the head. -Roll back one of the patients’ eyelids. -Insert a device, 2/3 the size of a pencil, through the upper eyelid into the patients’ head. -Guided by the markings indicating depth, tap the device with a hammer into the patients’ head/ frontal lobe. -After the appropriate depth is achieved, manipulate the device back and forth in a swiping motion within the patient’s head. This was a much faster and efficient way. In a local newspaper, on November 20, 1953, the headline read â€Å"Lobotomies are performed on 31 Athens State Hospital Patients,† and the article boasted that nearly 25 of those who received surgery would be able to go home with their relatives Sunday. Soon this began to stir up controversy and harsh criticism due to the larger number of deaths and complications. It was soon referred to as â€Å"psychic mercy killing† and â€Å"euthanasia of the mind. † This was by far and no doubt mental health care’s darkest hour. Healthcare was in its darkest hour until Psychotropic medication was pioneered. In 1954 the medical community introduced an anti-psychotic drug called Thorazine for the treatment of the mentally ill. In a rapid almost trend like success; other psychotropic medications became available, making it possible to cut greatly the length of time patients stayed in mental institutions. This breakthrough led to a significant decline in asylum populations, and the gradual discontinuation of less humane treatments and procedures. Unfortunately In 1972, a federal court ruled that patients in mental health facilities could no longer work at these institutions without pay. The result of this ruling further changed the nature of the Mental Healthcare; the dairy farming had to go, as well as the upkeep of much of the grounds. The institutions didn’t have enough money to pay the patients for their contributions and also didn’t have sufficient money/funds or staffing to occupy patients with enough free time. The costs of housing patients increased dramatically, patients became bored and felt they lacked the purpose they once clung to, and consequently the need to de-institutionalize was more prevalent than ever. During the de-institutionalization process, three out of every four patients were released from the Athens Asylum. The relocating process was greatly aggravating and traumatic for the patients; patients were released to their families, nursing homes, and half- way houses. The homeless population soared, the mentally ill population representing nearly a third. The state pushed this process along by offering monetary rewards for decreasing the number of in-patients in asylums. Although healthcare is not as good as it should or can be, it has greatly changed for the better. People should be glad because if it were the same maybe they wouldn’t be reading this essay, maybe they would of found a reason to lock an individual away in an insane asylum and been done with them. There is some revision needed to healthcare but instead of just adding a complaint why don’t you do something to help make the change you want to see. Be the change you want to see in the world. Works Cited cracked. com. N. p. , n. d. google. com. Web. 15 Nov. 2012. http://www. cracked. com/funny-7539-insane-asylums/. ? Leupo, Kimberly. toddlertime. com. N. p. , n. d. google. com. Web. 15 Nov. 2012. http://www. toddlertime. com/advocacy/hospitals/Asylum/history-asylum. htm. nih. gov. A. D. A. M , 13 Feb. 2012. google. com. Web. 15 Nov. 2012. http://www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001925/. Schizophrenia. com. N. p. , n. d. google. com. Web. 15 Nov. 2012. http://www. schizophrenia. com/history. htm. How to cite Mental Illness, Essay examples

Themes in Shakespeare Free Essays

Shakespeare explores what it means to be an honest and honorable men In Henry IV Part I William Shakespeare goes into depth of what characters are like and how they display what It Is to be honest and an honorable person. Shakespeare Is able to delve Into aspects of characters personality traits by presenting them with choices they have to make (Including) from prince Hal having to stand up to his enemy Hotshot to (and) Falstaff lying and deceiving actions that leads him to becoming knighted in the Elizabethan times. These choices signifies Shakespeare views that it goes not matter who you may be or what you may have done whether you have been stealing, drinking, and abusing others you can still be knighted and be classified by others as honorable. We will write a custom essay sample on Themes in Shakespeare or any similar topic only for you Order Now Let’s start off with Sir John Falstaff, Shakespeare has developed a character that is very likeable by those in the Elizabethan times, the audience in particular were intrigued with Falstaff as a character, why? Because he lived his life like there was no tomorrow, he knows that you only deserve one chance at life and this appealed to him and the audience, Shakespeare also delved Into Falstaff traits portraying them through his Interactions with others In how he would interact with others, these examples Included that he would abuse the bartender at the tavern and worse of all he would Ill to her displaying Falstaff as being dishonest towards others, another example Is when he Is on the receiving end of being robbed by Prince Hal and Points, he lies about the situation, denies everything and that he was not scared, but in the end he covers up these lies by being even more dishonest by saying â€Å"l knew it was you† but he didn’t know it was prince Hal and points and that e was covering up his tracks. Shakespeare also displays Falstaff opinions of honor as a disgrace, he also goes on to say â€Å"what is honor air† signifying he does not care one bit about honor. Falstaff however does display being honest to himself but not to others this is evident when Hal and Points repeatedly insult Falstaff by saying â€Å"fat as butter you are Falstaff now to the common person they would deny these Insults but to Falstaff he accepts these insults, cops It on the chin, and accepts who he Is no denying from him, this portrays the honest towards himself. Now on to Hotshot, Hotshot Is a completely opposite character from Sir John Falstaff, hotshot Is a warrior, a medieval knight, a soldier in our modern society If he were alive, he is the honorable men of the play and Shakespeare evidently display this through him dying at the end of the play to hotshot waging war on King Henry. Shakespeare wanted to create a character that was gallant and skilful who was not afraid of anything, the traits of hotshot provided the platform of what an honorable person is. Also note how Shakespeare presents hotshot as talking very fast paced and if you equalized hotshot he would be standing tall upright, like a king and signifies him as more of an honorable person. Also Shakespeare addition into the play of Hotshot waging war against King Henry for the fact that Hotshot cousin is not being Included in the throne and that he deserves to be, glandless that hotshot has values upon his family and that he could have let It all go and not had a war but he was determined, he was subjected In his right mind that he needed to protect his family and this signifies to the audience of what it is to have honor even to the battle field, the tart off with how he became the King, King Henry killed Richard the former King to become the new king, in a way Henry is portraying dishonest and dishonorable actions to become the king in our modern society you would have to be subjected to family origin or married to a king but in the Elizabethan times if you kill the king you become the king in which case this is how Henry becomes King happens to Henry. Shakespeare portrays Henry as one of our modern day politician once they are in the top Job aka (prime minister) the y can’t seem to keep their promises; in which Henry didn’t keep his promise to hotshot which signifies that Shakespeare was portraying him as being a lire and a thief and that this presents to the audience you really can’t trust the person in charge. Also note this is how Shakespeare has incorporated into his play the dramatic irony of Henry and hotshot relationship we see at the start of the play how Henry did not want to wage war on hotshot and that if hotshot release his prisoners he would drop his attack on hotshot, but as already discussed we know hotshot traits of being a warrior, soldiers, mediaeval knight displays he has too much nor and dignity to let this pass and that he needed to protect him and his family for Henry not keeping a promise to hotshot. Through the developments of characters to there traits Shakespeare is able to distinguish his opinions and views of what it is to be an honest and honorable men from hotshot gallant stand against King Henry to Falstaff exploring tow ways of being honest to himself but not to others. Through Henry lies and stealing of the throne distinguish Shakespeare presenting what it is to be an honest men and what it is to be an honorable men. How to cite Themes in Shakespeare, Papers

Risk Assessment And Planning - Click Now to Get Solution

Questions: 1. Identify strategic management tools from your Readings and credible online sources that could be used to analyse risk associated with your selected project (Residential Tower). Explain the impact of each of these tools on your project and how effective they are. 2. Prepare a detailed response plan for the selected risk area. Your response plan should include a probability and impact assessment, prioritisation and identification of early warning indicators. In your response plan, also describe qualitative and quantitative tools that could be used to analyse risk associated with your selected project. Explain the impact and effectiveness each of these tools may have on your project. 3. Explain how you considered stakeholder risk tolerance. Would your planning for individual risks change depending on a stakeholders tolerance for risk? If you had to prioritise the stakeholders depending on their risk tolerance, how would you still reassure those who were more risk tolerant? Answers: Introduction Risk management is an important aspect of project management while developing a construction project. It is important to note that the change in the price level and the financial crisis has several adverse impacts on the completion of the project (Rostami, 2016). Along with that, there are several other challenges that are faced by a construction project due to the change in the external environmental factors (Rose, 2014). The paper has been developed to identify the strategic management tools that are required to identify the risk and analyse them to draw proper solutions to mitigate those issues. The paper will analyse the impact and effectiveness of the tools used to identify and analyse the risks. The paper also presents the stakeholders tolerance capability of the identified risks and its impact on the successful completion of the project. The project has been developed to identify and analyse the risk involved in constructing a residential tower of twenty three storeys in Qatar. Construction of a mega building is always a challenge for engineers, not only because of the unique architectural demands but also owing to financial and legal constraints involved throughout the process. When planning for such a big project in a rapidly growing region like Qatar, the role played by the government should also be considered significantly to manage costs through applied infrastructure savings method (Oxford Business Group, 2016). Strategic Management Tools for identifying the risks Some significant strategic management tools and techniques can be implemented to identify the risks associated with the construction project. In this given section, documentation reviews such as brainstorming, Delphi technique, diagramming techniques, and SWOT analysis can be identified as the most suitable risk assessment tools and techniques. In risk identification, brainstorming and Delphi technique can be utilized to distribute questionnaires to expert personnel (Forbes, Smith and Horner, 2008). On the basis of their comments and unbiased data, significant risks attached to the construction project can be identified. Invariably, SWOT analysis is another specific tool that can be effectively implemented to identify risk probabilities, adverse effect and risk ratings based on expert judgment (Wende, Herberg and Herzberg, 2015). In the case of discussing, qualitative risk analysis tools and techniques, probability and risk matrix, urgency risk assessment, risk categorization and risk impact assessment can be identified as the most significant tools. Through probability and impact matrix, proper quantitative analysis can be done using risk ratings (Cahill, 2007). Finally, after investigating the project objectives, quality assurance and risk issues, a significant level of risks can be accessed through interviewing stakeholders. Such risk analysis process will be highly effective for this particular construction project. Impact of Strategic Management tools and its effectiveness In risk identification and risk management of a construction project, the importance strategic management tools and techniques are highly valuable. By implementing project specific risk management tools and techniques, the project manager can mitigate the risk factors and potential risk hazards to avoid any unwanted disputes to the ongoing construction project. Whether it is workforce related issues or financially oriented issues, effective risk management strategic tools can identify such risk factors at the beginning of a project to ensure the project will commence smoothly (Anderson-Cook, 2006). Meanwhile, effective strategic management tools can certify that the project will be completed within the estimated timeframe (Dey and Ogunlana, 2014). Response Plan for the selected risk Area Identified Risk Impact Assessment Probability Priority Early warning indicators Tools used to analyse Response Plan Market Changes Price Change The change in price may lead to under budgeting and increase the expected cost of the project. High High The changes in the government policies lead to change in the price level (Wang and Ortiz, 2013). Qualitative as well as quantitative tools can be used to analyse the price fluctuation in the market. To control such risks, analysis of price market should be the key to success Change in Labour Wages The change in labour wages leads to increase in the budget of the project. Medium High It can be identified by interacting with the labour contractors and labour union. The changes in labour wages can be analysed by conducting survey and analysing the information using qualitative as well quantitative analysis methods. To control risks associated with the labour, significant research on the labour demand supply should be done (Wang and Ortiz, 2013) Unavailability of Materials The unavailability of materials leads to delay in the project completion. Medium Medium The delay in the shipments is an early indicator of unavailability of raw materials. The unavailability of raw materials can be analysed by conducting a survey and interviewing suppliers. Significant inventory of the raw materials must be maintained to mitigate the risk Production Delay in work The delay in work impacts the stakeholders interest. High High Delay in completion of a single activity can lead to delay in the completion of the entire project. It can be analysed using statistical tools and calculating the probability of its occurrence. Proper planning and scheduling must be done to avoid delay in work Labour Conflict Labour conflicts lead to delay in work and impact the reputation of the company. Low Medium Labour conflicts must be avoided on the earlier stage by interacting with them on a regular basis. It can be analysed by conducting interviews of the employees and supervisors. Significant management of labour and workers must be done to avoid any sort of conflict Legal Obstacles Legal obstacles lead to delay in work and loss of reputation. It also leads to financial loss. Medium Medium Legal obstacles can be identified by communicating with the legal advisors. It can be analysed using qualitative study of the new policies and regulations implemented by the government. Legal advisory committee must be hired to control any risks associated with legal aspects Working Capital Improper Budgeting Improper budgeting leads to financial losses and impacts the interest of the stakeholders. High Medium Improper budgeting can be identified by maintaining the accounts on a regular basis and estimating the cost for further construction. Quantitative tool is required to analyse the risk of improper budgeting. Significant financial professionals must be hired to mitigate such risks in case of emergency situation Extra Expenses Extra expenses lead to failure of the budget and increase the pressure over the investors. High Low Extra expenses can be identified by continuously interacting with the finance department. Quantitative analysis is required to identify the risk of it. To control extra expenses, certain monetary resources must be confirmed (Schermerhorn, 2013) Conflict with Investors Conflict with investors adversely impacts the completion of the project and even leads to financial loss. Low High It can be identified by regularly communicating with them. A survey and interview is required to analyse the risk of conflict with the investors. Significant discussion session with the investors must be done to control any conflicts among the investors Fixed Assets Quality Issue Quality issue is another factor that impacts the stakeholder's interest over the project (Schermerhorn, 2013). Medium High Quality issues can be identified by monitor the activities of the project team and conducting quality check on a regular basis. Quality issues can be analysed using interview and survey. Along with that, proper calculation is required to analyse the variance. Quality assurance team must be hired to signify the quality of manufacturing Weather Issue Being a 23 storey building the project will be impacted by the weather and high speed of wind. It is important to consider the fact for safety and proper completion of the project. Medium Medium Weather Issues can be identified by communicating with the engineers and other local government authorities. Weather issues can be analyzed using quantitative analysis method such as statistical calculations and probability. Safety equipment and devices must be used during absurd weather conditions to continue the work Financial Risk Delay in the completion of the project may lead to financial losses. Medium High Financial issues can be identified by regularly interacting with the stakeholders. Financial issues can be analysed using statistical and mathematical analysis. To mitigate financial risks significant financial assessment must be done to make the project a success Impact and effectiveness of analysis tools on the project Qualitative and quantitative risk analyses tool helps to observe the probability and impact of the risk on the project objectives. Furthermore, the qualitative and quantitative analyses tools make the project team aware of the facts and situation at which the operations of the construction project may face several issues (Stonham, 2015). On the basis of these analyses, the project team can prepare plans to minimise the occurrence of uncertainties that can help in proper and appropriate completion of the residential towers. The interview and surveys helps in continuous communication with the stakeholders that helps to observe their views and understand their thoughts regarding the construction project (Tworek, 2012). Along with that, the qualitative and quantitative tools also increase the accuracy and appropriateness of the risk management strategy that is quite helpful in proper construction of the residential towers. Stakeholders Tolerance for risk Stakeholder risk tolerance is another factor in project development. In the case of high risk projects, the stakeholders such as workforce and investors would prefer to delay the project as much as possible. Unless the risk tolerance is satisfactory, the investors will not allow the project to commence (Malz, 2011). Individual risks change depending on a stakeholders tolerance for risk In order to monitor the stakeholder risk tolerance factor, the project manager must have a fair idea about the project and organizational environmental factors such as workforce, expertise, technological efficiency and financial strength to make accurate understanding of the risk tolerance. If the risk tolerance is high, the organizational standards must back up with resources. By identifying the assets and liabilities of an organization, a project manager can determine the risk tolerance of stakeholders (Gwanoya, 2007). Invariably, the previously completed projects must be taken into consideration to identify the stakeholder risk tolerance. Prioritize the stakeholders depending on their risk tolerance To certify the level of risk tolerance, project manager of the construction project must assess the risks correctly so that major roots of the risks can be identified. By prioritizing the level of risks, significant contingency plans and risk mitigation plans can be implemented in the project. Apart from that, remembering the stakeholder risk tolerance, prominent risk monitoring system can be promoted in the construction project (Hatefi and Seyedhoseini, 2012). In case of small investors, they have comparatively less risk taking capabilities. Hence, understanding the financial position of the investors will be key to identify the risk tolerance capability. Conclusion At the end of all, it is mandatory to mention that stakeholder management strategy is highly impressive to prepare a strategic risk management plan. By identifying the stakeholder risk tolerance factors, the project manager must create a positive influence on the stakeholders by showing the project perspective and benefits. Also, there are some risks attached to the communication process. In addition to that, the external and internal environmental factors of the organization must be overviewed to create a purposeful risk management strategy suitable to meet the requirement of the construction project. Meanwhile, the risks analysis and strategic tools must be monitored at the highest standards to create a positive impact on the project stakeholders ensuring project deliverables, quality and cost. References Anderson-Cook, C. (2006). Quantitative Risk Management: Concepts, Techniques, and Tools.Journal of the American Statistical Association, 101(476), pp.1731-1732. Cahill, D. (2007). Target marketing and segmentation: valid and useful tools for marketing.Management Decision, 35(1), pp.10-13. Dey, P. and Ogunlana, S. (2014). Selection and application of risk management tools and techniques for build operate transfer projects.Industr Mngmnt Data Systems, 104(4), pp.334-346. Forbes, D., Smith, S. and Horner, M. (2008). Tools for selecting appropriate risk management techniques in the built environment.Construction Management and Economics, 26(11), pp.1241-1250. Gwanoya, T. (2007). Quantitative Risk Management: Concepts, Techniques, Tools. By Alexander J. McNeil, Rdiger Frey Paul Embrechts (Princeton University Press, 2005).Annals of Actuarial Science, 2(01), pp.187-189. Hatefi, M. and Seyedhoseini, S. (2012). Comparative Review on the Tools and Techniques for Assessment and Selection of the Project Risk Response Actions (RRA).International Journal of Information Technology Project Management, 3(3), pp.60-78. Malz, A. (2011).Financial risk management. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Oxford Business Group, (2016) Overview, Infrastructure building to help sustain Qatar's growth past 2022. Available at: https://www.oxfordbusinessgroup.com/overview/infrastructure-building-help-sustain-qatars-growth-past-2022 (Accessed on: 25 May 2016). Rose, K. (2014). Personal Effectiveness in Project Management: Tools, Tips Strategies to Improve your Decision-making, Motivation, Confidence, Risk-taking, Achievement and Sustainability.Project Management Journal, 45(2), pp.e1-e1. Rostami, A. (2016). Tools and Techniques in Risk Identification: A Research within SMEs in the UK Construction Industry.ujm, 4(4), pp.203-210. Schermerhorn, J. (2013).Management. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley Sons. Stonham, P. (2015). Financial engineering: Tools and techniques to manage financial risk.European Management Journal, 13(4), pp.456-457. Tworek, P. (2012). Plan Risk Response as a Stage of Risk Management in Investment Projects in Polish and U.S. Construction - Methods, Research.Annals of the Alexandru Ioan Cuza University - Economics, 59(1). Wang, D. and Ortiz, J. (2013). Introduction to Selected Papers from Risk Assessment and Crisis Response 2011.Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 19(2), pp.385-388. Wende, W., Herberg, A. and Herzberg, A. (2015). Mitigation banking and compensation pools: improving the effectiveness of impact mitigation regulation in project planning procedures.Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, 23(2), pp.101-111.

Japanese Management free essay sample

Critical comparison of 1973 1983 books on British Japanese management philosophies practices. British Factory-Japanese Factory by Robert Dore Under Japanese Management by M. White M. Trevor. Although the majority of large companies wish to retain lifetime employment there are many critics of the system, who argue that it is too rigid in todays dynamic marketplace. Hirakubo, (1999) argues that for companies to survive it is essential that they are more flexible and less bound to the traditional Japanese management style of lifetime employment. He argues that if Japan cannot develop a more fluid job market and flexible management style, firms will continue to suffer. Nikkeiren also comments that the rigid methods of employment traditionally used in Japan, i.e. lifetime employment cannot respond to the socio-economic changes taking place. He argues that more dynamic and elastic structures should be set up to allow flexible responses to the changing economic and business conditions.